Best Virginia Sportsbooks in 2025 – Best VA Betting Sites & Apps

Virginia Sportsbooks have become a focal point for sports fans looking to combine their passion for the game with smart wagering opportunities. With evolving laws and accessible digital platforms, residents can now explore a wide range of betting options across popular leagues and events. This guide breaks down everything you need to know about how sports betting works in Virginia, from legal details to betting markets and bonuses. Whether you’re new to wagering or looking to sharpen your strategy, Virginia Sportsbooks provide a structured path into the betting landscape.

Top-Rated Virginia Sportsbooks for Online Play

Finding the right place to bet online can make all the difference in your experience. Top-rated Virginia Sportsbooks stand out for their reliable platforms, competitive odds, and wide variety of betting markets. They offer secure payment methods, smooth mobile access, and attractive promotions that appeal to both new and seasoned bettors. Below, you’ll find a carefully selected list of Virginia Sportsbooks that deliver the best balance of trust, convenience, and value for online play.

1. BetWhale – Newer offshore sportsbook offering crypto-friendly deposits and sharp odds on U.S. sports.
2. BetNow – Simple interface with generous welcome bonuses and solid coverage of football and basketball.
3. BUSR – Known for horse racing markets alongside a full sportsbook, with fast crypto payouts.
4. MyBookie – Popular offshore site with deep prop betting options and flexible banking methods.
5. Everygame – Long-standing operator with international markets and competitive lines for major leagues.
6. BetMGM – A top U.S.-regulated sportsbook with exclusive features like “Edit My Bet” and strong promotions.
7. Caesars Sportsbook – Backed by a trusted casino brand, offering big loyalty rewards and extensive market depth.
8. FanDuel – User-friendly app with live same-game parlays and wide daily fantasy integration.
9. DraftKings – Feature-rich sportsbook with innovative betting tools and strong DFS crossovers.
10. Hard Rock Bet – Expanding U.S. sportsbook brand with sleek design, music-themed promos, and fast withdrawals.

In-Depth Reviews of Popular Virginia Sportsbooks and Apps

To help you decide where to place your bets with confidence, we’ve prepared detailed reviews of the most popular Virginia Sportsbooks and apps. These insights cover features, bonuses, payout speed, and overall user experience, giving you a clear picture of what each platform offers.

BetWhale – Rising offshore option recognized for quick withdrawals and seamless crypto transactions

BetWhale is a crypto-forward offshore sportsbook optimized for speed, clarity, and low friction. The layout is clean, the bet slip is responsive, and market discovery is straightforward—handy for newcomers and value-hunters alike. Pricing across core U.S. leagues (NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL) is competitive, and live odds refresh briskly without bogging down mobile performance.

Banking is BetWhale’s headline feature. Deposits and payouts via Bitcoin, Ethereum, and popular stablecoins typically clear fast, with clear limits and no mystery fees. The cashier flow is transparent and includes progress prompts so users know exactly where they are in the process. Promotions skew generous (welcome + reloads) with sensible rollover requirements and clear expiry dates.

As a younger brand, BetWhale has less historical proof than legacy rivals, and its feature set is still maturing—no live streaming, limited in-app stats, and a lightweight loyalty layer. Still, for bettors prioritizing quick crypto withdrawals, simple UX, and sharp lines, BetWhale is a compelling everyday book.

Pros

• Very fast crypto withdrawals and clear limits
• Simple, mobile-first interface and quick bet slip
• Competitive pricing on major U.S. sports
• Straightforward promos and rollovers

Cons

• Shorter operating track record
• Limited premium features (no streaming/stat hubs)

BetNow – User-friendly sportsbook with consistent bonus offers and weekly cashback incentives

BetNow focuses on simplicity and dependable value. Navigation is uncluttered, markets are easy to find, and the bet slip is intuitive—ideal for beginners who don’t want to wrestle with menus. Football is a bright spot: spreads and totals often price competitively, and seasonal contests keep engagement high during peak weekends.

Promotions are frequent and predictable. Beyond a new-player bonus, BetNow’s weekly cashback and reloads create a steady rhythm of value without confusing terms. Educational prompts on the cashier page help users avoid common pitfalls (e.g., withdrawing before rollover completion). While the crypto cashier is efficient, traditional payouts may be a touch slower than crypto-native competitors.

Coverage is solid across major U.S. sports with adequate props; international depth is more limited than veteran global books. There’s no live streaming, and same-game parlay depth varies by league. Even so, BetNow’s reliability, straightforward rules, and approachable design make it a go-to “first offshore account” for many players.

Pros

• Clean, beginner-friendly interface
• Weekly cashback and consistent reloads
• Competitive football pricing
• Clear cashier flow and payout expectations

Cons

• Fewer international markets than global books
• Feature set is basic (no streaming; limited SGP depth)

BUSR – Well-regarded betting site that specializes in horse racing while also covering mainstream sports

BUSR built its reputation on horse racing and still treats the racebook like a flagship product: deep track coverage (thoroughbred, harness, greyhounds), detailed race cards, and flexible wager types. Racing promotions—like rebates and marquee-event boosts—are a meaningful edge for dedicated players.

Beyond racing, BUSR offers a full sportsbook with U.S. leagues and international fixtures. The interface is clean and practical, with quick toggles between the racebook and sportsbook. Live betting is stable, and prop menus continue to expand, though they may not match the sheer breadth of some competitors. Banking supports cards and crypto, and crypto withdrawals are typically processed within a day.

Where BUSR trails is in “wow” features—there’s no live streaming, and the loyalty system is straightforward rather than elaborate. That said, if you’re a mixed-action bettor who spends significant time in the racebook but still wants reliable football/basketball/soccer markets, BUSR’s balance is hard to beat.

Pros

• Excellent racebook depth and race-day promos
• Solid all-around sportsbook with growing props
• Crypto support and dependable withdrawals
• Practical, uncluttered navigation

Cons

• Limited premium features (no streaming)
• Prop depth can lag top market leaders

MyBookie – All-in-one platform offering a wide range of wagers across sports, politics, and entertainment markets

MyBookie is a versatile offshore book that appeals to action junkies and casuals alike. Its hallmark is breadth: beyond mainstream sports, you’ll find markets for politics, award shows, and entertainment—useful during slower sports weeks. The site is well organized, and the search function helps surface obscure props quickly.

Odds are competitive across major leagues, and the live interface is responsive with clear cash-out prompts. Promotions rotate frequently (welcome, reloads, contests), and the rules pages are thorough. Banking includes cards and crypto, with crypto withdrawals typically clearing faster. Minimums are friendly, making it easy to test new markets without committing large stakes.

Trade-offs: While MyBookie’s market variety is excellent, niche props can carry slightly higher holds, and advanced features like streaming aren’t included. The loyalty structure is light compared to U.S. regulated books, and parlay builders vary in depth by sport. Still, MyBookie’s “something for everyone” approach, plus reliable payouts, makes it a strong staple account.

Pros

• Huge variety: sports, politics, entertainment
• Solid live betting and intuitive search
• Frequent promos and contests
• Crypto payouts typically faster than cards

Cons

• No streaming; loyalty is basic
• Some niche props may price heavier holds

Everygame – Veteran sportsbook known for sharp odds and diverse international betting options

Everygame (formerly Intertops) is among the longest-running online sportsbooks, and that history shows in its steady pricing and global coverage. If you like betting outside the U.S. mainstream—European soccer tiers, tennis, volleyball, handball, cricket—Everygame’s menus are consistently deep and updated early. The interface is straightforward, and the live center is stable even on match-heavy weekends.

Sharpened odds are the draw: Everygame often posts fair lines with quick, orderly updates. Multi-leg accumulators and standard props are well supported, and the book holds up for both recreational and price-sensitive bettors. Promotions are clear, with reasonable rollovers, and the help center is concise. Banking spans cards, e-wallets in some regions, and crypto, with crypto payouts generally quicker.

The trade-offs are predictable for a veteran, no-frills book: fewer “splashy” features, no live streaming, and a loyalty offering that’s more functional than flashy. Same-game parlay depth varies by league. For bettors who prioritize reliable lines and broad international coverage over bells and whistles, Everygame remains a high-trust mainstay.

Pros

• Long track record and stable operations
• Strong international coverage and early soccer lines
• Fair pricing and orderly odds movement
• Clear promos with reasonable rollovers

Cons

• No streaming; loyalty is modest
• SGP depth varies by competition

Sports Betting in 2025: How Virginia Sportsbooks Stand Apart

Virginia’s market in 2025 feels mature: steady growth, polished apps, and user expectations shaped by speed and depth. Virginia Sportsbooks spotlight quick access to lines, responsive live odds, and simple bet slips that keep in-play wagering moving without friction.

Live performance is a clear differentiator. BetWhale leans into fast, crypto-friendly banking that keeps balances fluid for in-game action, while BetNow focuses on clean navigation and competitive football pricing that’s easy to find mid-match. MyBookie adds breadth with props across sports, politics, and entertainment—useful when you want variety during slower slates.

Promotions remain a battleground. BetNow’s weekly cashback creates predictable value, BetWhale and MyBookie rotate strong welcome and reload offers, and BUSR layers in race-day boosts for its standout racebook alongside a full sportsbook. Everygame counters with sharp, globally-oriented pricing and early international lines that appeal to value seekers.

Compliance and consumer protections shape the user flow statewide—identity checks, geolocation, and age rules are table stakes—so the best online sportsbooks in VA emphasize clarity in terms and straightforward cashier experiences. That’s where BetWhale (transparent crypto limits), BetNow (clear rollover guidance), and Everygame (concise help center) stand out.

Put together, Virginia Sportsbooks deliver a reliable rhythm: stable live odds, streamlined payouts, and diverse markets. With BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame, bettors can match priorities—speed, simplicity, racing depth, market variety, or international coverage—to a platform that fits daily play.

Bonuses and Promotions at Virginia Sportsbooks

You can stretch your bankroll with welcome packages and recurring offers, but every promo has rules. Always read the terms, confirm you’re 21+, and note that bonus credits are non-withdrawable and usually expire within a short window. If you use state-licensed apps, geolocation applies; offshore sites follow their own KYC and cashier rules. Check rollover, minimum odds, and any market exclusions before you opt in.

Current headline-style offers

• BetWhale – Crypto-first welcome match with rotating reload bonuses; simple terms, fast bonus crediting for active bettors.
• BetNow – New-player bonus plus reliable weekly cashback and seasonal bet-and-get deals; especially strong around football.
• BUSR – Sports welcome bonus paired with racing rebates and big-event boosts; good value if you split time between sportsbook and racebook.
• MyBookie – Rotating welcome, reloads, and contest promos; frequent odds boosts across mainstream leagues and specials.
• Everygame – Tiered welcome with sensible rollover; accumulator (parlay) bonuses and regular price boosts on international markets.

Ongoing promo patterns to expect

Odds boosts, profit boosts, parlay insurance, reload matches, bet-and-get credits, and event-specific offers (e.g., playoffs or major fight nights). Many bonuses have 7–14 day windows, require minimum odds, and exclude certain bet types (teasers, arbitrage, cash-outs). Always confirm whether boosts apply to pregame, live, or same-game parlays.

How to claim smartly in Virginia

Verify identity, make the qualifying deposit, and place an eligible wager at the required minimum odds. If you’re comparing options, line up: (1) promo timeline and expiry, (2) true value of bonus credits (stake not returned), and (3) rollover and market restrictions. For state-licensed apps, remember Virginia’s guardrails (e.g., no college player props, restrictions on in-state college markets). Offshore sites set their own menus—so read each book’s rules before you commit.

How to Choose the Right Virginia Sportsbook for Your Needs

Start with safety. Prioritize Virginia Sportsbooks that publish clear rules, use encryption, and outline KYC and payout procedures upfront. From our reviewed options, Everygame brings a long operational track record, BetNow is transparent about rollovers, and BetWhale posts straightforward crypto limits and timelines.

Next, test app and site usability. You want fast load times, clean menus, and a responsive bet slip on mobile and desktop. BetNow keeps navigation simple, BetWhale feels sleek and mobile-first, and MyBookie organizes large prop menus with helpful search.

Evaluate market coverage and odds. Look for breadth across NFL, NBA, NHL, soccer, tennis, and niche sports, plus depth with player props, futures, and parlays. MyBookie excels in variety (including entertainment and politics), Everygame posts sharp, globally oriented lines, BetNow is strong for football, and BUSR adds a standout racebook alongside a full sportsbook.

Check live betting experience. A clear in-play center helps you track lines, cash out, and manage risk. BetWhale updates live odds quickly, MyBookie offers a responsive live interface, Everygame is steady on match-heavy days, and BUSR handles in-play well while letting racing fans switch views fast.

Review payments and payout speed. Compare deposit types, fees, minimums, and withdrawal timelines. BetWhale typically pays out crypto within hours; MyBookie often delivers same-day crypto; BetNow, BUSR, and Everygame commonly process within 24–48 hours (crypto fastest).

Look at rewards and promos beyond the welcome offer. BetNow’s weekly cashback adds reliable value, BUSR features racing rebates, MyBookie rotates odds boosts and contests, Everygame offers accumulator bonuses, and BetWhale runs frequent reloads.

Confirm policy fit. Virginia bans betting on in-state college teams and all college player props. Align your play with books that match your pro-league focus—e.g., MyBookie for broad props, Everygame for international markets, BetNow for football, BUSR for racing depth, and BetWhale for fast, crypto-friendly bankroll movement.

Safety and license: encryption, KYC clarity, transparent cashier rules

Usability: navigation speed, mobile performance, reliable bet slips

Markets and odds: breadth, depth, parlays/accumulators, competitive pricing

Live experience: in-play tools, cash-out usability, stable updates

Banking: deposit variety, fast payouts, low or disclosed fees

Rewards: ongoing boosts, cashback/rebates, sensible rollovers

Policy fit: rules that match your pro vs. college interests

Compare two or three Virginia Sportsbooks side by side across these points. With a short test run, you’ll see which of BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, or Everygame delivers the best mix of speed, markets, payouts, and promos for your style.

Getting Started with Virginia Sportsbooks: Registration and First Bet

You can join Virginia Sportsbooks in minutes. This quick guide helps you move from download to first wager with clear steps. It also explains how online sportsbooks Virginia and VA betting sites verify age and location.

Step 1: Decide whether to use offshore sportsbooks or licensed Virginia apps

Offshore books operate outside state rules. They do not have Virginia Lottery oversight, guaranteed payment protections, or required responsible gambling tools. BetWhale—a crypto-forward offshore option—emphasizes fast deposits/withdrawals and simple terms, but it’s not state-licensed. Licensed Virginia online sportsbooks are audited, enforce age checks, and offer secure payouts.

For maximum safety and recourse, choose regulated online sportsbooks in Virginia over offshore websites. You’ll get clear dispute paths, stronger data safeguards, and built-in tools to set limits—while offshore options like BetWhale prioritize speed and crypto convenience.

Step 2: Create your account, verify your identity, and enable geolocation

Tap Join or Sign Up on your chosen VA betting site. Enter your name, address, date of birth, and the last four digits of your Social Security number to meet KYC rules. Set a strong password and accept the terms.

Confirm your account by email or SMS if prompted. Enable location services so the app can verify you are in Virginia. You must be 21 or older and physically inside the state to use Virginia Sportsbooks.

Step 3: Make a deposit and claim your welcome bonus

Open the cashier and choose a payment method. Meet the minimum deposit (often $5–$20 on licensed apps). If a promo code applies, enter it before funding or placing the qualifying bet.

Read the terms: check minimum odds, the expiry window (often seven days), and whether the stake returns on bonus bets. Offshore books like BetWhale often support crypto with rapid settlement, while Virginia-licensed sites list card, bank, and wallet options with published timelines.

Step 4: Place your first wager — markets, stakes, and slips explained

Browse moneylines, point spreads, totals, parlays, same-game parlays, props, futures, and live bets. Remember, Virginia bans college player props, and some markets on in-state college teams are restricted. Add a selection to your bet slip, enter your stake, and submit.

Many regulated online sportsbooks in Virginia offer cash-out on select markets. Payout speeds vary by method and brand; licensed apps commonly process within 24–48 hours, while BetWhale targets faster crypto withdrawals. Keep location services on with VA betting sites to avoid errors and ensure compliance.

Deposits and Withdrawals at Virginia Sportsbooks

You want fast, safe banking when you bet. The leading Virginia Sportsbooks and reputable offshore options keep things simple with clear limits, posted timelines, and security checks. On trusted VA betting sites, your funds should move through well-documented channels and your details remain protected. BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame each publish cashier rules so you can plan deposits and withdrawals confidently.

Common Banking Methods Available

Licensed apps typically support debit cards, online banking/ACH, bank wires, prepaid cards, and select e-wallets. Offshore books like BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame commonly add crypto (BTC, ETH, LTC, USDT) alongside cards and bank options. Minimum deposits often range from $5 to $20 on licensed apps and slightly higher on some offshore sites; the method you use to deposit may determine your eligible withdrawal routes.

Alternative Options: Vouchers, Cash Pickups, and Fast Payouts

Retail cash options depend on the operator; offshore sites generally do not offer cage pickups in Virginia. Instead, they emphasize fast crypto payouts and, in some cases, voucher transfers between accounts. BetWhale leans into rapid crypto settlements; BUSR and MyBookie support both cards and crypto with clear timelines; Everygame and BetNow publish processing windows so you can predict when funds land. If you prefer to avoid card rails, crypto is usually the quickest path among these five.

Key Factors Virginia Players Should Weigh Before Choosing a Method

Compare speed, fees, and limits across your choices. E-wallets and especially crypto are often faster, while bank transfers can suit larger sums. Confirm that your chosen method supports both deposits and withdrawals and remains eligible for promotions. Match your account name to your KYC details, enable two-factor authentication, and keep geolocation enabled when required. These steps reduce manual reviews and help BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame release funds on time so your bankroll stays in motion.

Virginia Sports Betting Laws and Regulations

Before you place a wager, it helps to know how Virginia Sportsbooks operate under state law. The Virginia Lottery regulates licensing, advertising standards, and consumer protections across online sportsbooks virginia. Clear rules keep virginia online sportsbooks aligned with best practices you expect from the best state sportsbooks.

Minimum Legal Betting Age in Virginia

You must be 21 or older to bet with licensed Virginia Sportsbooks. During sign-up, you complete KYC checks that confirm your age and identity. You may be asked for the last four digits of your SSN and government-issued documents before you can wager on online sportsbooks virginia.

Geolocation Requirements and State Borders

You need to be inside Virginia state lines to place bets with virginia online sportsbooks. Geolocation tools verify your position when you log in and while you play. On desktop, you may need a location plug-in; on mobile, you must enable device location so the best state sportsbooks can validate your session.

College Sports Betting Rules in Virginia

State rules bar bets on in-state college teams such as the University of Virginia and Virginia Tech at Virginia Sportsbooks. You can wager on out-of-state college events at online sportsbooks virginia, but some bet types are limited. Books post clear market menus so you see what is allowed before you add a pick.

Restrictions on College Player Props

Player prop bets on college athletes are not permitted in Virginia, no matter where the team plays. VirginIa online sportsbooks use automated filters to remove these markets for local users. You can still find team-based markets and totals at the best state sportsbooks without accessing player props.

The Virginia Lottery oversees compliance for all Virginia Sportsbooks and may grant or suspend licenses when needed. That oversight supports safer play and transparent rules across online sportsbooks virginia and virginia online sportsbooks, ensuring consistent standards from the best state sportsbooks you use.

Retail Sports Betting in Virginia and Nearby States

You have strong retail choices if you prefer a ticket in hand over an app. While Virginia Sportsbooks focus on mobile, you can still pair in-person play with perks tied to VA betting sites. Many brands let you link rewards between floors on property and apps, giving you flexible ways to wager beyond the best online sportsbooks in va.

In-Person Betting Venues Inside Virginia

Hard Rock Casino & Resort Bristol opened the first retail sportsbook in July 2022, offering betting windows, kiosks, and quick access to food and live entertainment. It suits quick straight bets or same-day parlays when you want a game-day feel.

Caesars Virginia in Danville opened on December 12, 2024. The 90,000-square-foot casino features about 1,500 slots, 100+ table games, a poker room, and a full Caesars Sportsbook. You can place pregame or in-play bets and earn Caesars Rewards that also sync with online play at participating Virginia Sportsbooks.

Rivers Casino Portsmouth partners with BetRivers for its on-site book, giving you another local retail option. Projects in Richmond and Norfolk continue to advance, adding more choices that complement top virginia sportsbooks and the convenience of VA betting sites.

Casino & Sportsbook Options in Neighboring States

Border states add depth if you travel for events. Maryland, Washington, D.C., North Carolina, and West Virginia host retail books and apps with different operator mixes and college betting rules than Virginia Sportsbooks. You must be physically inside each state to place a bet; geolocation confirms your location before you wager.

Cross-property perks help frequent travelers. Caesars Rewards and MGM Rewards often connect retail earnings with online accounts, letting you stack comps, hotel discounts, and tier credits alongside the best online sportsbooks in va. Before you drive, verify that a venue is live and confirm available markets so your retail trip matches what you expect from top virginia sportsbooks.

Offshore Sportsbooks vs. Licensed Virginia Operators

You face a clear fork in the road in 2025: offshore sites or the regulated path with Virginia Sportsbooks. If you value predictable payouts, clear rules, and strong account protections, licensed apps on VA betting sites deliver a steadier ride than most offshore options. This is the lens to compare online sportsbooks Virginia today.

Comparing Security, Licensing, and Payment Protections

Licensed operators answer to the Virginia Lottery. You get bank-grade encryption, KYC checks, and geolocation that keeps bets within state lines. Deposit and withdrawal routes are published, with timelines you can track. If a dispute arises, you have a defined process with state oversight.

Offshore sites do not hold Virginia licenses. They can change rules without notice, limit access to funds, or skip responsible gaming tools. Data standards vary, and payment protections are not guaranteed. For many, that gap makes the best state sportsbooks the safer choice among online sportsbooks Virginia.

Why Many Players Still Opt for State-Regulated Apps

Speed and reliability lead the way. Regulated promos carry clear terms and expiry dates, and the apps are polished for live betting and streaming from brands like BetWhale and Betnow.

You also earn real-world rewards. BetWhale turn play into perks. This app follow VA rules—no in-state college bets and no college player props—so you know what to expect every time. For most bettors on VA betting sites, that mix makes licensed Virginia Sportsbooks feel like the best state sportsbooks for everyday wagering.

Conclusion

Virginia’s betting market is mature and stable in 2025, giving you enough data to compare features that matter: market depth, live performance, payout speed, and fair promos. Stay compliant—be 21+, enable geolocation, and note Virginia’s bans on in-state college teams and all college player props. If fast crypto banking is your priority, BetWhale stands out for quick deposits/withdrawals and straightforward cashier rules, though it operates offshore and outside Virginia Lottery oversight. Use a simple checklist—trust, speed, odds quality, and promo fit—to choose your best-fit option, protect your bankroll, and keep play responsible across Virginia Sportsbooks.

FAQ

Are virginia sportsbooks legal and safe to use in 2025?

Yes—Virginia legalized online sports betting in 2021, and the Virginia Lottery regulates licensed operators with age-21+ checks, KYC, geolocation, and responsible gambling tools. The sportsbooks we reviewed (BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, Everygame) are offshore and not licensed in Virginia, so they don’t carry the same state protections. For maximum safety and dispute recourse, use Virginia-licensed sites.

Which top virginia sportsbooks are available right now?

From our review set: BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame are accessible to Virginians as offshore options. They are not regulated by the Virginia Lottery. If you want state-licensed choices, check the Virginia Lottery’s official list and compare features, terms, and timelines there.

What are the best online sportsbooks in va for fast payouts?

Among the reviewed books, BetWhale prioritizes rapid crypto withdrawals (often the quickest route). MyBookie, BetNow, BUSR, and Everygame also support crypto and typically process within stated windows once KYC is complete. Actual speed depends on your method, verification status, request timing, and any security holds.

Do virginia online sportsbooks offer welcome bonuses?

Yes. Each of the reviewed sportsbooks—BetWhale, BetNow, BUSR, MyBookie, and Everygame—runs new-player and reload promotions with specific rollovers, minimum odds, and expiry windows (often 7–14 days). Always read the terms to confirm eligibility, stake-back rules, and market restrictions before opting in.

Can you bet on Virginia and Virginia Tech games?

No. Virginia prohibits betting on in-state college teams and bans all college player props. You can still wager on out-of-state college events, subject to the usual rules on minimum odds, markets, and verification requirements.